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Traffic management principle
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Traffic light signal group
This is a group of traffic lights designed to regulate traffic in one direction for vehicles or pedestrians (e.g., a signal group designed for driving straight ahead or turning left). There is a separate signal group for each direction of vehicle and pedestrian traffic. The figure shows the signal groups at the intersection of Kalvarijų and Krokuvos streets:
SSG1 (marked with the number 1 on a green background) — signal group 1 is intended for vehicles traveling on Kalvarijų Street from the north.
SG2 (marked with the number 2 on a green background) — signal group 2 is intended for vehicles arriving from Krokuvos Street.
SG3 (marked with the number 3 on a green background) — signal group 3 is intended for vehicles traveling on Kalvarijų Street from the south.
SG21/22 (marked with the numbers 21/22veh on a green background) — signal group 21/22 for pedestrians crossing Kalvarijų Street.
PM21/22 — pedestrian button.
SG23/24 (marked with the numbers 23/24veh on a green background) — signal group 23/24 is intended for pedestrians crossing Krokuvos Street.
Signal group phase
This is a set of signal groups that do not conflict with each other. During the phase, green traffic lights are lit for signal groups that do not conflict with each other, while other groups are prohibited.
Intersection cycle time and signal program
Intersection cycle time — the time interval during which the green traffic light signal is activated for each phase of the signal group. The most commonly used cycle times are 60 s, 70 s, 90 s, 120 s, 130 s, and 180 s. For example, when the cycle is 60 s, the green traffic light signal for signal group 1 is activated every 60 seconds.
Signal program — intersection operating mode. The creation of a signal program depends on the traffic control method used at the intersection. Signal program structure: cycle time and green signal time distribution for each signal group. The signal program consists of phases and transitions between phases.
Intersection corridor (network of intersections)
This is a set of signal groups that do not conflict with each other. During the phase, green traffic lights are lit for signal groups that do not conflict with each other, while other groups are prohibited.
Green wave
This involves coordinating the operation of intersections (traffic signal programs). The direction of the “green wave” (a specific street) is determined in advance, and traffic signal programs are coordinated so that traffic flow in the selected direction is maximized.
